Mast cell stabilizing properties of Steroidal Alkaloids Isolated from Solanum Xanthocarpum: an assessment of their effects on early and late phase allergic signals

Abstract

Allergy, hypersensitivity and atopy are defined as hypersensitivity reactions initiated by immunological mechanisms, where hypersensitivity represents, any set of adverse, reproducible clinical symptoms, in which the intensity is proportional to the dose of stimuli, generally tolerated by normal subjects. For the purposes of this study, the term allergy has been defined as genetically determined, IgE mediated class I hypersensitivity, elicited in response to allergens, resulting in diverse, reproducible physiological symptoms ranging from urticaria, eczema, atopic dermatitis and asthma, to the more fatal systemic anaphylaxis. NIAID (National Institute of Allergic and Immunological Diseases), a body of NIH (National Institute of Health), Bethesda places allergies as the 6th leading cause of chronic diseases worldwide. Plant based therapeutics in the global scenario have been increasingly filling the need for cost-effective and safer alternatives to conventional chemotherapies. From the analysis it emerged that, the steroidal pharmacophore Solasodine had greater effect on the inhibition of calcium flux, and consequently the late phase mediators, Akt and NFand#408;B. Finally, in order to study the potential drug interactions between the drug candidates and their combinatorial effects on the in Vitro allergy model, a combinatorial analysis was designed. Thus this study aimed to fulfill an important step in the drug discovery chain, namely small molecule isolation and allergy therapeutic identification, delineating and deciphering its molecular signal transduction and testing its efficacy against identified pharmacological targets. Finally, the combinatorial effects of the potential drug candidates were studied as a first step to the study of the pharmaco-kinetics of the molecules.