A Comparative study of Orphan and General Students Intelligence Adjustment and Locus of Control of Class 9th to 12th Students in Indore Division

Abstract

The Indian Constitution, adopted in 1950, directed the State to ensure provision of primary education for all students up to the age of fourteen years within a period of ten years. The struggle to achieve this primary commitment began immediately. During the last fifty years, several milestones in this regard have been crossed. Beginning with a situation where four out of five persons were illiterate, and only two out of ten students went to school; it has not been an easy task to meet the constitutional commitment. The country began its journey towards the goal of universal Primary education for all by opening more and more primary schools across the country. The system has grown huge in size and coverage. Today nearly four out of five students in the age group 6-14 years are in the school. Two out of three persons are functionally literate. Progress achieved is by no means small. But it falls short of meeting the goal of Education For All (EFA). newline newlineIn the pursuit of the goal of providing primary education for all, the National Policy on Education (NPE) and the follow up actions on the recommendations of the policy in 1986 has been a major landmark. The World Declaration on EFA adopted soon after in 1990 gave further boost to the various processes already set in motion in the country. As the analysis presented in the document demonstrates, the last decade of the century has witnessed tremendous progress in the area of primary education in the country. Yet, it is realized that the journey is not yet over. The main task is not to lose the momentum created by the progress made in the last decade. It is necessary to consolidate the gains and capitalize on the enlarged base created by the progress. It is realized that the methods hereto adopted may not be appropriate for crossing the difficult hurdles in the last leg of the journey towards EFA. The strategy has to be such that the goal is achieved within the first few years of the next century. The future policies and programs are to be guided by this perspective