Studies on Meloidogyne incognita and Fungus Interactions on Lentil Lens culinaris

Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder, characterized by the presence of obsessions (unwanted thoughts, images or impulses) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors). Substantial progress has been made in the last two decades in understanding the different aspects of the disorder that include its prevalence, clinical presentation, comorbidity, etiology, and treatment. This study explores the treatment aspects of OCD. Objective of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of three treatment combinations made by Fluoxetine; a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, Cognitive behaviour therapy, and Counseling of family member in treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder patients. This thesis comprises four chapters; Introduction, Method, Result, and Discussion. Chapter I, Introduction presents the important information regarding the illness OCD. Obsession can be explained as a persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate. Individual suffering with OCD is able to recognize that the obsessions are the product of his or her mind. Therefore it usually leads to discomfort, anxiety and distress. To decrease this feeling obsession leads to an urge to engage in certain compulsive behavior and rituals. Compulsions are recurring behavior (example hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental act (example praying, counting, repeating words silently) whose goal is to prevent or decrease anxiety or distress and not to provide enjoyment or gratification. As these rituals help to reduce anxiety, hence, the tendency to perform them grows stronger and such kind of repetitive thought and recurrent behaviour is recognized as OCD. The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder among children and adolescents is found in the range of 1% to 3% (Flament et al., 1998; Valleni et al., 1994)........