A Study of Technological Development and Pattern of Innovation in Indian Chemical Industry

Abstract

Various definitions have been developed to explain innovation, and as a result newlinethe term has gained greater ambiguity (Garcia and Calantone, 2002). newlineExamination of the innovation literature confirms that there is enormous newlinediversity in views and approaches to what actually constitutes innovative newlineactivity. For example, both Cannon (1993) and Gurteen (1998) introduce newlineparadigmatic change and creative thinking. While Rogers (1995) concentrates on newlineperception, Henderson etal. (1996) feature invention. Based on above findings newlineand the key themes, a simple definition of innovation is formulated ( McFadzeah, newlineO Loughlin, Shaw, 2005), newline Innovation is defined as a process that provides added value and a degree of newlinenovelty to the organization and its suppliers and customers through the newlinedevelopment of new procedures, solutions, products and services as well as new newlinemethods of commercialization. newlineTechnological innovations include product and process innovation. The features newlineof these two subsets are described as (Oslo, 2007), newline Product innovation is the introduction of a goods or service that is new or newlinesignificantly improved with respect to its characteristics or intended uses. This newlineincludes significant improvements in technical specifications, components and newlinematerials, incorporated software, user friendliness or other functional newlinecharacteristics . Product innovations can be based on new knowledge or newlinetechnologies; it can also be based on new combinations of existing knowledge or newlinetechnologies. Product means both goods and services. The development of a newlinenew use for a product with minor changes to its technical specifications or the newlinefeatures also qualifies for product innovation. Design is an integral part of the newlinedevelopment and implementation of product innovations...... newline