Impact of Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana National Rural Livelihoods Mission on Women Livelihood in Jammu and Kashmir

Abstract

newline Social empowerment programs create avenues for marginalized groups, including women, to access resources, education, and decision-making opportunities, fostering their self-esteem and agency. The study titled quotImpact of DeendayalAntyodayaYojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission on Women Livelihood in Jammu and Kashmirquot investigates the intricate relationship between the impact of social welfare programme on women livelihood. To accomplish the objectives of the study, a strategic approach was adopted, involving the selection of blocks purposively and districts and villages randomly in both the Jammu and Kashmir divisions. A total of 420 respondents, including NRLM members and non-members from Below Poverty Line households, were surveyed using a structured schedule. Data collection involved both primary and secondary sources, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the research objectives. Primary data was gathered through structured interviews, while secondary data was sourced from various published materials. The study revealed significant disparities in financial inclusion between member and non-member respondents of Jammu and Kashmir. Majority of members fell in the high range of financial inclusion and the majority non members fell into the low range of financial inclusion. Analysis of revolving fund disbursements to Self-Help Groups (SHGs) showcased fluctuating growth rates across different periods, with notable declines nationally but robust growth within Jammu and Kashmir. Furthermore, the study into the demand side of credit supply within the NRLM revealed a varying loan utilization pattern across regions. Agricultural purposes dominated loan utilization, reflecting the importance of agriculture in livelihoods. Factor analysis explained key determinants influencing loan-seeking behavior, including education level, income, access to loans, and information sources. Livelihood assessments revealed a substantial portion of members in Jammu and Kashmir experiencing relatively favorable condit