Evaluation of Collagen Thickness and Cyclooxygenase 2 Expresssion in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the Effect of Tinospora Cordifolia Extract on OSCC Cell Line

Abstract

Introduction Oral submucous fibrosis OSMF is a potentially cancerous condition which can transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma. The collagen deposition and cyclooxygenase 2 COX 2 enzyme over expression may play a role in tumourogenesis. Tinospora cordifolia satva TCS an aqueous extract is commonly used in ayurveda. The anticancer activity and the COX 2 inhibitory activity of the TCS was not well reported in the literature. Thus the present study was aimed to evaluate the collagen and the COX 2 expression in OSMF OSCC with and without OSMF cases and the effect of TCS on OSCC cell line. newlineMaterials and methods It was a case control study consisting of 70 paraffin tissue blocks in which 20 were OSMF 20 were OSCC with OSMF 20 were OSCC and 10 were normal controls. Picrosirius red staining was done for collagen evaluation and immunohistochemical staining for COX 2 was performed for all the cases. Human OSCC cell line was used for MTT assay and mRNA extraction and RT PCR were done for COX 2 gene. For mRNA quantification of COX 2 expression 12.5 25 and 50ug of TCS were used. newlineResults Statistically significant difference was reported among the study groups in concern to the orientation of fibers mean area fraction and birefringence. The mean area fraction was high in OSMF and least in OSCC group. Statistically significant difference was reported between the study groups concern to the COX 2 expression in all the study groups. The COX 2 was overexpressed in OSCC groups compared to OSMF group. TCS showed anticancer activity on OSCC cell line and showed effective COX 2 inhibitory activity. newlineConclusion The collagen and the COX 2 can be considered as the biomarkers in the prognosis of OSMF and OSCC. TCS can be considered as anticancer and COX 2 inhibitor in OSCC cases. newline