Synergistic Activity Of Annona Squamosa Leaf Extract and Oleanolic Acid In Diabetes With Anti Inflammatory Markers

Abstract

ABSTRACT newlineThe objective of the current research is to propose and develop the synergistic in-vitro and in-vivo newlineantidiabetic potential of Annona squamosa leaf extract, and the triterpenoid oleanolic acid within newlinean experimental animal model validated with the molecular docking study with the desired newlinereceptors. The methanolic extract of Annona squamosa leaves (MEAS) was studied for GCMS newlineanalysis. The quantification of the methanolic extract was done with HPLC and HPTLC techniques newlineto estimate the phenolic, flavonoid, and OA respectively. In-vitro antioxidant studies like DPPH, newlineNitric oxide, and Hydrogen peroxide assay and antidiabetic studies like and#945;-amylase and and#945;- newlineglucosidase of MEAS, OA were performed. The synergistic effect of MEAS, and OA were newlineevaluated at various concentration with standard ascorbic acid, and acarbose. The in-silico study newlineascertained their interaction with and#945;-amylase with PDB ID 1B2Y, and and#945;-glucosidase with PDB ID newline3W37. It was observed that methanolic leaf extract and OA shown the significant in-vitro newlineantioxidant and anti-diabetic activities synergistically as compare to the individual treatment newlineMEAS and OA. It was confirmed from the above study that the presence of OA in MEAS as well newlineas their combination therapy potentiate the antioxidant and anti-diabetic effect of A. squamosa. newlineFurther, the study was designed for the in-vivo animal experiment taking thirty-six numbers of newlineWistar albino rats and dividing them in six groupings. Group-1 became the normal-control, group- newline2 became the diabetic-control administered by streptozotocin, 3, 4, 5, and 6 groups of rats were newlineinduced by 50 mg/kg of leaf extract, 50 mg/kg of oleanolic acid, the combination of 25 mg/kg of newlineleaf extract, and OA each, also 0.1 mg/kg glimepiride for twenty-eight days. The serum glucose, newlineserum-insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum C peptide, serum biochemical, and liver newlineantioxidant, the liver biochemical parameters were evaluated as well as the effect of the newlineproinflammatory-cytokines like Tumor necrosis factor and#945; (TNF and#945;), and Interl