Evaluating Anti Diabesity And Neuroprotective Role of Hydroxyl Substituted Deacetylepoxyazadiradione Using Zebrafish Model

Abstract

The co-occurrence of diabetes and obesity has become increasingly prevalent newlineworldwide, posing significant public health challenges. Recent reports from the newlineInternational Diabetes Federation (IDF) highlight the staggering impact of diabetes, with newlinean estimated 537 million individuals aged 20-79 affected, accounting for a significant newlineproportion of reported deaths. Insulin resistance/deficiency, a hallmark of diabetes often newlineassociated with obesity, not only disrupts glucose homeostasis but also extends its effects newlineto the brain, contributing to neuroinflammation and type 3 diabetes. This interplay newlinebetween insulin resistance and neuroinflammation underscores the systemic nature of newlinethese conditions and their profound impact on cognitive health. The etiology of diabesity newlineand neuroinflammation involves multiple factors, with oxidative stress emerging as a key newlinecontributor. Small molecules containing hydroxyl groups have been shown to effectively newlinereduce oxidative stress by mitigating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence, compounds newlinetargeting oxidative stress and inflammation hold therapeutic promise against diabesity newlineand associated neuroinflammation. In line with previous literature, we derived newlinedeacetylepoxyazadiradione (DEA) from neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) by newlinesubstituting the hydroxyl group with an acetyl group on the 5th carbon newline