Anaerobic Digestion as a Sustainable Approach to Convert Organic Solid Waste to Bio Energy

Abstract

Abstract newlineThe importance of investigating alternative energy sources has become increasingly apparent newlinein recent decades due to the rise in greenhouse gas emissions and energy crises, newlinewhich have been fueled by rapid economic growth. Simultaneously, the process of urbanization newlineand the increase in population have worsened the production of municipal waste, newlinewhich includes food, yard, and bioplastic waste. This has resulted in serious environmental newlineproblems. To tackle these problems, there is a rising interest in utilizing waste byproducts newlinefor resource allocation, fostering economic sustainability, and decreasing dependence on newlinelimited natural resources. newlineAnaerobic digestion is a biological process that decomposes organic matter without newlinethe presence of oxygen, and it is showing great potential as a solution. Anaerobic digestion newlinereduces waste accumulation and carbon emissions by turning waste into biogas and newlinebiofertilizer. Nevertheless, the fact that waste is prone for decomposition makes it more newlinechallenging to process it in a centralized manner, which has led to the investigation of newlinedecentralized digestion systems. newlineThis research aims to evaluate the feasibility of using common Indian vegetarian food newlinewaste and yard waste as materials for anaerobic digestion. Furthermore, it explores the newlinepossibility of using bioplastics, which are a viable substitute for traditional plastics, for the newlinepurpose of breaking down and converting them into bioenergy. In addition, the project newlineseeks to develop and oversee a self-sufficient domestic anaerobic digester that utilizes newlineorganic waste from households, such as food and yard waste, to generate biogas for the newlinepurpose of cooking and heating. newlineThe research consists of three primary phases. Firstly, biomethane potential tests newlineare going to be conducted to optimize substrate ratios and operational parameters using newlineResponse Surface Methodology. Secondly, the anaerobic degradation of bioplastics is going newlineto be assessed by comparing raw bioplastic, pretreated bioplastic, and bioplastic with newlinebamboo biochar additive to enhance bioenergy output. Finally, an impact assessment is newlinegoing to be conducted to evaluate energy generation, environmental and social impacts, newlineas well as the expenditure of a decentralized biodigester model. Underpinning the study newlineis an exhaustive techno-economic analysis, including sensitivity analysis, to illuminate newlinethe practicality and feasibility of anaerobic digestion implementation amidst a rapidly newlineevolving energy landscape, while concurrently addressing the utilization of waste biomass newlineto reduce the burden of municipal solid waste handling. newlineKeywords: Anaerobic co-digestion(AcoD), Food waste(FW), Yard Waste(YW), Bioplastic newlinewaste(BpW), Biochar, Direct interspecies Electron transfer (DIET) Biochemical newlinemethane potential, Response Surface Methodology, Artificial Neural Network. newlinexi newline