A study on oriented graph parameters

Abstract

Most of the real-life problems where one deals with objects and some relationships between these objects can be modeled using a graph. Graph theoretic research has gained prominence over the past several centuries. However, in many cases, undirected graphs are inadequate to accurately represent the situation being studied. In such cases, we make use of several variants like oriented graphs, signed graphs, mixed graphs, etc. In this work, our focus is on study- ing several oriented graph theoretic concepts like deeply critical oriented cliques, the oriented achromatic number of graphs, weak diameter 2 graphs, and monitoring-arc geodetic sets of graphs. To study these concepts we make use of some basic concepts such as homomorphisms. newline