Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Removal Of Heavy Metal Contamination By Eco Friendly Approach

Abstract

A large portion of the water environment is being contaminated and newlinedestroyed due to the direct liberation of industrial effluents, agricultural and newlinemunicipal activities that are toxic to humans, animals, and plants. Among the newlineseveral pollutants, heavy metals are considered to be a serious hazard newlinethroughout the world. These heavy metals originate from different sources, such newlineas industrial effluent discharge, sewage disposal, and anthropogenic processes. newlineDiverse metal ions, such as chromium, zinc, lead, nickel, cadmium, mercury, newlinecopper, and arsenic, are migrating into the water systems and causing adverse newlineeffects to the ecosystem. newlineThe present study explored the contamination of groundwater due to newlineindustrial activities and solid waste dumping. The Physio-Chemical newlinecharacteristics and heavy metal contamination of groundwater samples in 46 newlineselected locations around Chrompet industrial area, Perungudi dumping yard, newlineand Kodungaiyur dumping yard were analyzed. The groundwater quality newlineparameters were analyzed to identify the level of pH, total dissolved solids, newlineelectrical conductivity, turbidity, chloride, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and newlinepotassium and compared with WHO and BIS standards. According to the Water newlineQuality Index (WQI), 24 % of the samples were in the poor category, 58% in newlinethe very poor category, 16% in the unfit for consumption category, and only 2% newlineof the samples were in the good category. The use of this groundwater for newlinedrinking or domestic purposes without treatment may expose the population to newlinehealth risks, and the majority of the contaminated bore wells were found to be newlinevii newlineclose to industrial effluent mixing points, sewage disposal points and dumping newlinesites. newlineA systematic study has been carried out to evaluate the eco-toxic heavy newlinemetals such as chromium, cadmium, lead, nickel, manganese and iron using newlineAtomic Absorption Spectrometer in groundwater. The average content of heavy newlinemetal at each point was calculated using Heavy metal Pollution index (HPI) newlinemethod and Metal Index (MI) method. From the index values,