Clinico Epidemiological studies on Plasmodium falciparum Welch screened from various Endemic zones of Paschimanchal of West Bengal and its susceptibility to Mulberry leaf extract

Abstract

Malara is a critical public health problem worldwide. In 2020, approximately 627000 malarial newlinedeaths were occurred. Death numbers remained the same for last 3 years. In the WHO South- newlineEast Asia Region, India is one of the malaria-prevalent countries which bears estimated 83% of newlineall malarial deaths of this region. West Bengal is one of the malaria-prevalent states in India as newlineWest Bengal took the first position in malaria prevalency in 2022 according to the NVBDCP newlinereport. In West Bengal, Purulia is a district which is malaria-prone in nature in Paschimanchal newlineof this state having a near about half number of total blocks interpreted as endemic for malaria. newlinePrevalence of malaria has become important medically and for the endemic regions, a newlinesocioeconomic impediment which includes the district Purulia. Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium newlinefalciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium knowlesi are the 5 newlinespecies which are responsible for human malaria. Among these 5 species, malaria caused by newlinePlasmodium falciparum is the deadliest. For malaria, geo-environmental variables, altitude, newlinehumidity, and patterns of land use are accountable. Fever, vomiting, headache, pain in newlineabdomen, diarrhoea, hepatomegaly etc are the symptoms of malaria patients. The most newlinecommon complication is haematological changes in malaria among another complications and newlinea major role is played by them in malaria pathogenesis. newlineMalaria case of the Purulia district s each block was analyzed by us from January 1, 2016, to newlineDecember 31, 2020. It was observed that, in this district Pf cases are most prevalent. Purulia newlinedistrict s all 20 blocks were attributed to four categories (0 3) according to the API, and newlinemapping was done using the software named ArcGIS. To forecast the malaria cases trend, an newlineexponential decay model was fitted for Purulia district s each block (2021 2025). To determine newlinethe relation of haematological changes with malaria, haemoglobin level was determined newlineVI newlinethrough HemoCue and also ESR level was determined by using Westergren