Non invasive Blood Glucose Measurement

Abstract

Non-invasive blood glucose measurement using antennas is an emerging field of research that aims to develop a convenient and accurate method for monitoring blood glucose levels without the need for traditional finger-prick testing. This approach leverages the principles of electromagnetic waves newlineand their interaction with biological tissues to estimate glucose levels. The procedure involves placing an antenna on the human arm and monitoring variations in the resonant frequency, which is linked to changes in the blood glucose level. This is because the resonance frequency of the newlineantenna is affected by the permittivity of the blood, which is dependent on glucose levels. Glucose newlineestimate was modeled considering the antenna s frequency shifts in order to correlate the resonant newlinefrequency shift with the change in blood glucose in real-time. The designed antennas could successfully track the rise and fall of blood glucose using the glucose estimation model different levels of Blood Glucose. In this work, a non-invasive blood glucose measurement technique using Microwave Antenna Sensor is implemented. Today, most of the wearable devices include antennas and relevant processing circuitry capable of non-invasive measurements. Various methods in the newlinepublished literature for non-invasive blood glucose measurement were compared. A narrowband antenna is mounted on a human wrist for this purpose. After comparing different human body newlinemodels it has been observed that all this models are dielectric tissue based models and do not have newlineany provision to change blood glucose concentration.Hence, a human body model for non-invasive blood glucose measurement is derived and implemented in this work. Uniqueness of proposed model lies in its ability to imitate the blood flow in the human body and ability to change the blood glucose concentration. The suggested model was evaluated to a standard dataset, and its accuracy was defined.