An Effective Flower Recognition Using UAV with Optimal Path Planning in Artificial Pollination

Abstract

The state of global food security is currently at a crucial point, as it is being newlinesignificantly endangered by the decreasing numbers of vital pollinators, including newlinebees, butterflies, birds, and bats. The importance of pollinators in agriculture is newlineimmense; they play a crucial role in increasing genetic diversity within plant newlinepopulations, strengthening their ability to withstand environmental difficulties, and newlinedirectly raising agricultural productivity. The declining population of indigenous newlinepollinators presents a significant threat to the long-term viability of agriculture. newlinePollinator population declines result in decreased agricultural yields, inferior newlineproduce, and crops with reduced nutritional value. newlineIn the midst of this problem, the utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles newline(UAVs) presents a hopeful resolution. By developing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle newline(UAV) systems for pollination, we can alleviate the consequences of the pollinator newlineissue. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) offer a substitute for traditional pollination newlinemethods, decreasing the requirement for labour-intensive manual pollination or newlinereliance on chemical-based remedies. This study centres on the cucurbitaceous plant newlinefamily, encompassing vital crops such as cucumber, melon, pumpkin, squash, and newlinezucchini, which play a significant role in sustaining millions of people globally. The newlinecucurbitaceous family is intriguing due to the abundance of monoecious types, newlinewhich have both male and female blooms on the same plant newline