Evaluation of Anti Diabetic Anti Hyperlipidemic In vitro and In vivo Antioxidant Activity of Polar and Non Polar Solvent Extracts from Leucas aspera Willd Link Leaves Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) reached epidemic proportions worldwide and has a substantial burden on healthcare services. Prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, particularly in developing countries. Traditionally DM was treated with herbal remedies (plants), diet and physical exercise. Hyperlipidemia is a diverse group of disorders usually associated with Diabetes mellitus and presented as increased in triglycerides, total cholesterol, and lipoproteins in the bloodstream that leads to atherosclerosis. World Health Organization (WHO) warns that deaths due to diabetes will increase by 80% in some regions, over the period of next ten years. India host to the largest diabetes population in the world, with an estimate of approximately 62 million individuals and will increase further. ICMR reported, about 5 million peoples were affected from Tamil Nadu. Most of the recent studies projected about 300 million peoples get affected by diabetes by 2025. The cost of diabetes management is high, especially when associated with other complications. Herbal medicines are believed to be more effective with lesser side effects when compared to commercially available synthetic drugs. Medicinal plants are the basic source of modern medicine. The earliest recorded evidence of their use in Indian, Chinese, Egyptian, Greek, Roman and Syrian texts dates back to about 5,000 years. Herbal medicine is still the mainstay of about 75-80% of the world population, mainly in the developing countries, for primary health care because of better cultural acceptability, better compatibility with the human body and lesser side effects. From the above results, we may conclude that, LZ. aspera leaves have promising anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in rats with type-2 diabetes. The results of this study warrant further research on isolation and characterization of active principle responsible for the anti-diabetic effect and antihyperlipidemic effect in type-2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia before its clinical use.