Design Synthesis and Characterization of Stable Organic Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites and Hole Selective Organic Small Molecules for Efficient Defect Passivation in Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

In recent times, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have brought about a revolution in photovoltaic (PV) technology. Small-area PV devices (lt0.1 cm2) utilizing these materials have rapidly attained an impressive efficiency of 26.1 %, allowing them to rival the established silicon PV technology. This significant advancement in efficiency has generated considerable interest in this emerging field of PV technology. In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the perovskite layer functions as the absorber layer, akin to the core of solar cells. It captures light, giving rise to free electrons and holes. Subsequently, these photogenerated charge carriers undergo diffusion and drift, responding to the influence of an electric field, and are transported by the respective electron and hole transport layer, ultimately being collected by the counter electrodes. The remarkable optoelectronic characteristics of metal-halide perovskite contribute to the increase in efficiency. However, the primary challenge hindering commercialization is the susceptibility of perovskites and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to rapid degradation newline