Investigation of metamaterial based electrically small antenna for WLAN and 5G applications

Abstract

In recent decades, tremendous growth in wireless application leads to newlinegaining attention towards the design of physical transmission systems. newlineDemand for higher data rates and large coverage areas were needed for newlinewireless communications like Wireless Local Area Networks and 5th newlinegeneration Communication systems. The major role in increasing data rates newlineand large coverages is the design modification of the physical systems is the newlinesuitable solution. For these applications the patch antenna is widely applicable newlineas it has the capability of providing high data rates in compact size. The newlinefractal design of a patch antenna is suitable for a wide range of applications newlinebecause different fractal structures are possible for different resonances of newlineoperating frequency. For this fractal structure of patch antenna design newlinemodifications track the eyes of researchers. A design modification for fractal newlinepatch is proposed here which will also examine the radiation characteristics as newlineby etching the top layer of patch antenna. newlineThe Electrically Small Antenna is created by etching two T-shaped newlinefractal parts on top of dual-layer FR-4 substrate, for wireless applications in newlinethe frequency range of 3 GHz to 7 GHz. The antenna device has a two T newlineshaped fractal patch etched antenna structure on top of two layer FR-4 sheet newlineand a rectangular defected ground structure patch in the bottom. To produce newlinethe best results for the antenna structure included the defected ground based newlineradiation. Reflection coefficient of 4.4 is chosen for the substrate in order to newlinematch the radiation characteristics. This antenna from the terminology is newlinenoted as Electrically Small Antenna and is examined for various physical newlineparameter conditions including feed position values. With a wide bandwidth newlineof 697 MHz, this Electrically Small Antenna structure delivers at 3.5 GHz newlineresonance maximum return loss of 20 dB. newline