Association of Cardiac biomarkers with echocardiographic indices of LV function in patients with or without coronary artery disease

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains as major cause of death world-wide. The newlineunderlying pathology of CAD includes the promotion of oxidative stress that initiates newlinethe cascade of cardiovascular events such as inflammation and endothelial dysfunction newlinethat leads to atherosclerosis (plaque formation). Traditionally, numerous risk prediction newlineand diagnostics blood-based CAD biomarkers and echocardiographic imaging indices newlinehas been elucidated but only a few have become important diagnostic tools in clinical newlinepractice. Despite several research studies on gold standard diagnostic biomarkers newline(hsCRP and troponin), an effective early detection method along with imaging newlinetechnique is lacking. This is owing to a lack of biomarker sensitivity and specificity as newlinea result of focusing exclusively on a particular biological activity and neglecting the newlinecausative factors for the specific diseases. Therefore, according to the literature, there newlineis a need to understand the molecular linkage between CAD and the biochemical newlineparameters along with imaging indices, in order to develop an early diagnostic newlinebiomarker for CAD. Current evidences in both animal and endothelial cell culture newlinesuggests that Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC), vascular cell adhesion newlinemolecules (VCAM1) and brain derived neutrophic factor (BDNF) plays a hallmark role newlinein the regulation of inflammation that leads to atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the newlineaccuracy, effectiveness, feasibility of the biomarkers (SRC, VCAM1 and BDNF) with newlinebiochemical and diagnostic parameters with large number of clinical data is lacking. newlineTherefore, our research study was done to evaluate and associate the cardiac biomarker newlinelevels (SRC, hsCRP, BDNF and VCAM1) with hematological, biochemical and newlineechocardiographic indices of LV function in patients with angiographically proven newlineCAD compared to healthy control. Overall, this study is expected to provide the newlinesignificant linkage between the molecular involvement of SRC, VCAM1 and BDNF in newlineinflammation, proinflammatory cytokine activation with cardiovascular function. newlineHence, our results will contribute to determine a potential early diagnostic biomarker newlinefor CAD that might pave way for bedside application. newline