Synthesis characterization and electrochemical studies of undoped and doped co3o4 m m fe ni mn nanoparticles for supercapacitor applications

Abstract

The growing use of conventional energy sources to satisfy global newlineenergy needs over the past decades has increased both demand and cost. This newlinearoused more attention towards the alternative energy sources which are newlineenvironment friendly, low cost and available in plenty. In this regard, newlineeffective interest and focus have been created to harvest environment friendly newlineand renewable energy sources, as well as on energy conversion with better newlinestorage capacity. Among various energy storage devices such as batteries, newlinecapacitors, supercapacitors and fuel cells, the supercapacitors have gained newlinemuch interest among the scientific community due to their advantage of high newlinepower density, extended cyclic stability and rapid fast charge capabilities. newlineHowever, they are limited in use due to moderate energy storage, decreased newlinelife cycle and inability to work in extreme temperature and pressure. newlineConsidering the limitations, the nanomaterials with specified dimension, newlinemorphology and improved electrical conductivity are found to be the best newlinesuited solution for the electrode materials of supercapacitors. newlineThe present work focused on the development of the electrode newlinematerial with increased electrochemical behavior for supercapacitor newlineapplications. The transition metal oxide cobalt oxide (Co3O4) was chosen as newlinethe research material due to its high theoretical specific capacitance, newlinecrystalline structure, variety of morphologies, cost effective, ability to newlineundergo rapid Faradaic reactions and stability. Though this metal oxide newlinepossessed various advantages, it offers low electrical conductivity. Hence newlineCo3O4 doped with metals like iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn), so newlineas to achieve improved electrochemical behaviour for the purpose of newlinesupercapacitor applications. Here we adopted simple, cost effective newlinecoprecipitation method to prepare undoped and doped Co3O4: M (M=Fe, Ni, newlineMn) doped Co3O4 nanoparticles newline