Heat transfer characteristics of carbon based hybrid nanofluid in a microchannel heat sink

Abstract

Thermal energy transport plays a significant role in all the newlineengineering and industrial sectors. In the electronics industry, since all the newlineelectronic components are temperature sensitive, it is mandatory to dissipate newlinethe heat for the effective performance of the components. Liquid cooling newlinemethod is more suitable and prominent technique to remove the heat newlinegenerated. The heat removing capacity of conventional coolants such as newlinewater, Ethylene glycol, oil are not sufficient to remove the heat quickly and newlinehence the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient of these newlinecoolants are to be enhanced which could be achieved by the addition of newlinenanoparticles. Such nanoparticles are expected to have maximum thermal newlineconductivity and very low density. In the recent years, carbon based newlinenanomaterials such as Graphene nano Platelets (GnP) were recognized to newlinepossess excellent thermal conductivity and low density as compared to metal newlineand metal oxide nanoparticles. Graphene nanomaterials were found to be newlinehydrophobic in nature and hence it is very difficult to disperse in water or newlinewater based coolants. The hydrophobic nature of the nanomaterials leads to newlinetheir settlement and it can be made as hydrophilic by the addition of newlinesurfactant or by acid treatment. It has been reported that the addition of newlinesurfactant may alter the thermal transport characteristics of the nanofluids and newlineincreases the density of the nanofluids. The acid treatment of the graphene newlinenanomaterials involves the attachment of acid groups on the sidewalls of the newlinegraphene, which makes easier dispersion of the nanomaterials in the base newlinefluid. The two-dimensional structure of the graphene sheets leads to its newlinerestacking one over the other and hence promotes settlement. newline