Synthetic investigations in functionalization of beta lactams and related heterocycles exploring their utilities in organic transformations

Abstract

The present thesis consolidates the design synthesis and characterization of and#946;-/and#61543;/-and#61559;-lactams and their biological activities. This thesis investigates the difunctionalization of alkenes, desulfurization, and N-dealkylation-(thio)amidation to obtain bioactive molecules with broad- spectrum antimicrobial properties. The developed methodologies facilitated the synthesis of various functionalized moieties and heterocycles, including and#946;-isothiocyanato-sulfides and N- functionalized and#947;-/and#969;-lactams derivatized with and#946;-(thio)uredo-sulfides, aroyl thiourea, amides, and sulfonamides. A significant part of the research focused on designing and synthesizing bioactive molecules, particularly those with broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential. Through structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies and multi-step synthesis, cis-3- aroylthiourea/urea-and#946;-lactam hybrids were synthesized, some of which demonstrated antimicrobial activities comparable to or exceeding those of reference drugs. The developed methods were thoroughly validated based on substrate scope and analytical data, with probable mechanisms elucidated through mechanistic investigations, including both radical and non-radical pathways. newline