Improvement of voltage stability in wind farm connected to grid using facts devices

Abstract

The growing population and industrialization have led to an newlineincreasing demand for electricity. Researchers and industries have turned their newlineattention toward renewable energy generation to address this ever-increasing newlinedemand. Compared to other sources, wind power conversion is one of the most newlinecommonly used renewable energy sources. Generation, transmission, and newlinedistribution are the three stages of wind energy power system. These stages newlinehave its own stability issues, which leads to unstable problems. The stability newlineissues can be compensated using various controllers, which are optimized using newlinedifferent metaheuristic and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. newlineTo convert wind energy into electrical energy, several generators are newlineavailable. The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) and the newlineDoubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) are used most commonly. Here, the newlinetracking of maximum power and rotor speed is a crucial process at varying newlinewind speeds. This power can be tracked using MPPT (Maximum Power Point newlineTracking) controller, which was optimized using MPPT technique, Intelligent newlineMPPT (IMPPT) technique and MPPT based Bird Swarm Optimization newline(MBSO) technique. This helps in generating maximum power despite of newlinevarying wind speeds in the generation stage. newlineThe presence of reactive power causes unstable output power in the newlinewind farm. In order to regulate this power, Flexible Alternating Current newlineTransmission System (FACTS) devices like Static Synchronous Compensator newline(STATCOM) controller is used. The STATCOM consists of two PI controllers newlinein current regulator and one PI controller in both DC voltage regulator and AC newlinevoltage regulator.