Performance analysis of blended biodiesel extracted by activity optimization with cao tio2 catalyst

Abstract

The world is currently experiencing two simultaneous crises such as newlinedepletion of fossil fuels and deterioration of environment. Finding viable and newlinesustainable alternative fuels is vital for the world as a whole, but especially newlinefor a country like India that must rely on imports to meet the majority of its newlineoil requirements. Biodiesel is a booming area in the alternative fuel generation newlinewhich requires careful consideration in the selection of feedstocks in terms of newlineenvironmental friendly and easily accessible. Commercially, biodiesel was newlineproduced from nonedible oils and In this case, Ceibapenandra, newlineMahualongifolia, Azadirachtaindicaand its mixture were employed separately newlinein the biodiesel production due to its plenty of availability in all seasons and newlinemoderate free fatty acid content (FFA).Usually, two step conversion newlineprocesses will be conducted separately for nonedible oils due to its FFA newlinecontent with the utilization of homogeneous catalyst. In contrast, a green newlinecatalyst comprised with metal nanoparticles TiO2 was used in the biodiesel newlineconversion process due to its capability of performs in both conversion newlineprocesses simultaneously. Characterization was carried out using FTIR, XRD newlineand SEM with EDX mapping for establish the catalyst compatibility in newlineconversion process. newlineDesign of experiments (DOE) is a powerful statistical method that is newlineutilised with the assistance of pilot experiments in order to design the process newlineparameters in an optimal manner and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) newlineconfirms the fit of developed empirical model.All three types of oils produced newlinegreater than 95% biodiesel yield, while the blended oil produced over 98% newlineyield while using the least amount of methanol and catalyst and agitating it newlinesmoothly over a brief period of time. newline