Anticancer Activity of Petiole Part of EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES

Abstract

Cancer is a complicated and deadly illness caused by uncontrolled cell growth and spread. Cancer remains a prominent cause of illness and death globally despite advances in research and therapy. Alternative, more effective, and less toxic cancer treatments are needed since chemotherapy and radiation have terrible side effects. Plant-derived chemicals have garnered interest as anti-cancer medicines in recent years. Traditional medicine has used plant extracts to treat many diseases, and these cures frequently work. These plant extracts contain bioactive compounds like polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phytochemicals that may inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis, and prevent angiogenesis. Several epidemiological studies have shown that plant-rich diets reduce cancer risk. The Mediterranean diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, reduces cancer risk. This implies that plant bioactive chemicals may prevent cancer. This study mainly investigated the anticancer property of EC. The objective of this research is to examine the potential anticancer properties of the petiole component of Eichhornia crassipes, which was obtained from Muvattupuzha, Kerala. The preliminary phytochemical study indicated the existence of bioactive chemicals inside this botanical specimen. Among the many extracts that were obtained, it was observed that the methanolic petiole extract had remarkable potential. In addition, the antioxidant capabilities of the aforementioned extract were evaluated via the use of DPPH, ABTS, total antioxidant, and ferric iron assays, effectively demonstrating its substantial antioxidative potential. The methanolic petiole extract was used in antiproliferative experiments on SKMEL, PC3, MG63, and HEK cell lines, with a focus on its potential in the field of anticancer research. Notably, the aforementioned extract demonstrated a substantially elevated degree of antiproliferative activity against SKMEL cells. Furthermore, the inve20stigation included an assessment of p53 gene expression in SKM