Applications of fractal geometries in patch antennas for performance improvement in wireless communications

Abstract

In this work different techniques are employed in antenna design to get improvement in various newlinesignificant antenna parameters to ensure the performance enhancement of different wireless newlineapplications. The primary objective of this research is to design multiband antennas which newlineproduce wideband behavior, excellent impedance matching characteristics, less cross polar newlineradiations in both the orthogonal planes, smooth radiation patterns for both the principal newlineplanes, stable gain and high radiation efficiency at each of the resonating band. In addition, newlineeffort is also given to design multiband antenna with less SAR to ensure protection of the human newlinebody tissues from several harmful electromagnetic radiations. Initially, a multiband antenna is newlinedesigned with loading of slots and DGS of different size and shapes in patch and ground newlinerespectively to overcome the limitations of a simple microstrip patch antenna. newline