Association of glutathione S transferases polymorphism on oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease development in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

T2DM is a chronic metabolic disorder and individuals with T2DM have comparatively higher risk of developing CV complications such as CVD. Individuals with T2DM face a 2-4 times increased risk for CVD which stands as the leading cause of death. OS plays a significant role in the underlying mechanisms leading to CV complications in individuals with T2DM. One of the major essential components in maintaining OS is a group of crucial enzymes known as GSTs, which are phase II antioxidant enzymes. GSTs play a pivotal role in detoxification of endogenous and exogenous ROS and alterations in the genetic makeup of key GST genes namely, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 have been linked to a higher susceptibility to disease. Previous research carried out across various populations has demonstrated a clear association between variations in the GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes which leads to the risk of developing both T2DM and CVD. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of variations in the GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes in CVD initiation among individuals with T2DM in South Indian population. newlineThe current study provides substantial evidence that certain demographic and lifestyle factors contribute to an elevated susceptibility of T2DM, CVD and CVD complications among T2DM individuals. In the studied population, age above 50 years, male or having a history of alcohol consumption or smoking increased the risk of developing T2DM. Correspondingly individuals aged above 40 years (male gender), who have quit smoking or alcohol consumption have demonstrated an increased risk of developing CVD. Likewise, T2DM individuals who have a FH of CVD or T2DM, past history of alcohol consumption, and those who have had T2DM for over 10 years are at an increased the chances of developing CVD complications. newline