Study on biodegradation of coir waste by cyanobacteria and comparing its efficiency with different organic manures on blackgram varieties

Abstract

Biocomposting process is a viable means of converting various organic waste generated from the industry and agriculture sectors into beneficial products such as biofertilizer and as a soil conditioner. The unique feature of agricultural waste have their extreme organic content, pH and have high or low C: N. Wide range of microorganisms including fungi, bacteria and cyanobacteria are available for degradation of waste. Cultivation of cyanobacteria is inexpensive when compared to other microorganisms. The biodegradation of coir waste by three different species of cyanobacteria such as Phormidium sp. (BDU-2), Oscillatoria sp. (BDU-5) and Anabaena Azollae sp. was studied. Maximum reduction of coir waste was done by Anabaena Azollae sp (ML-2) when compared to Phormidium sp. and Oscillatoria sp. Anabaena azollae treated coir waste manure was selected for the growth of two black gram varieties such as ATD mash 3 and ATD mash 1. ATD mash 3 always showed better uptake of these nutrients compared to ATD mash 1. The maximum growth of black gram plant was observed using coir waste manure in both fertile and drought soil. This was due to storage of nutrients and water holding capacity of coir waste. Anabaena azollae treated coir waste supply nitrogen to the soil via symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Root nodule is an important site for nitrogen fixation. The maximum number of root nodules was observed in coir waste treated plants in v drought soil. The nitrogen fixing enzymes such as nitrate and nitrite reductase and nitrogenase were found to be higher in coir waste treated plants in drought soil. The phytochemicals present in the root nodule of black gram was analyzed by GC-MS study. The root nodule of black gram treated with coir waste had a high concentration of oleic acid, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid and phthalic acid butyl undecyl ester. From this study, it is observed that there is a positive linear relationship between black gram and organic manures.