Design and development of MIMO antennas for wireless communication

Abstract

One type of low power handling antenna is the Microstrip newlineAntenna (MSA), commonly referred to as a patch antenna. It consists of a newlineconducting patch as the radiating element, a dielectric substrate, and a newlineconducting ground plane. Sometimes, there may or may not be a full ground newlineplane in the MSA. The MSA is more popular for short distance newlinecommunications. Antenna array includes more than one similar or dissimilar newlineantennas are arranged in any structure with only one input terminal whereas, newlinein linear antenna array the elements are placed one after other in a linear newlineform. newlineIn an antenna system which consists of more than one antenna, all newlinethe antenna elements are fed with individual input known as Multiple Input newlineMultiple Output (MIMO) antenna. Compared to other antenna systems, newlineMIMO has numerous advantages. The MIMO technology is used to boost newlinewireless channel capacity and eliminate multipath fading. The utilization of newlineentire radio spectrum available is not possible always. Due to the restricted newlinespectrum allocation for certain application, there may be a spectrum scarcity newlinefor large pool of users. In order to cater the need of large pool of users newlinethrough service providers, MIMO techniques can be incorporated in the newlinemodern wireless devices. Many modern wireless technologies like Wi-Fi, newlineShort range RADAR, LTE-Advanced, and 5G use MIMO techniques to newlineachieve more channel capacity without more spectrum allocation. newlineThe transmitters and receivers need antenna as an integral element newlineto achieve the wireless communication. newline