Synthesis Structure And Properties Of Modified Bismuth Ferrite Perovskite Solid Solution

Abstract

Multiferroics are a family of multifunctional materials that simultaneously exhibit many ferroic orders, such as ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and ferroelasticity. The most intriguing property of these materials is the potential for cross coupling, or magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, between the order parameters causing the two phenomena, namely magnetism and ferroelectricity. BiFeO3 has remained the prototypical example of a multiferroic exhibiting a variety of unique features from the early days of the multiferroic era (in the early 1960s) to the present time. Despite research spanning nearly 55 years, multiferroic characteristics of BiFeO3 ceramics have only been realized at strong magnetic fields. This disappointment may be caused by the linear magnetoelectric interaction and magnetic vector becoming locked inside the spin cycloid, which can lead to destabilization at high fields. Before the use of BiFeO3 in devices is realized, several issues need to be resolved, including leakage current density, a strong coercive field, an uneven magnetic spin structure, chemical fluctuation, and weak magnetoelectric coupling. Many attempts have been made via A-site and B-site ion substitution, by making its composites and solid solutions in order to enhance the multiferroic properties of BiFeO3, as it has rhombohedral perovskite structure. This is because perovskite structure can tolerate a tremendous amount of compositional modification, including many of the elements on the periodic table, enabling the tailoring of corresponding properties. newline