Antiretroviral Treatment Failure and Associated Risk Factors Among Adults and Children Living With HIV at the Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital in East Harage Ethiopia

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of ART treatment failure among HIV-positive adults and children at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital in East Hararge, Ethiopia, over the period spanning from September 2009 to September 2022. Furthermore, the research is aimed at shedding more light on the factors associated with this treatment failure. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive research design was utilised to determine newlinethe prevalence of antiretroviral treatment failure and associated risk factors. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of antiretroviral treatment failure and its associated risk factors among 331 adolescents and children on ART from 2009 to 2023. Data, including sociodemographic and clinical information, were collected through medical records and interviews. Analysis involved Epi-info and SPSS software, using descriptive statistics and bivariate/multivariate logistic regression. Variables with p and#8804; 0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. Significance was set at p lt 0.05 for the adjusted odds ratios, newlinerevealing factors influencing antiretroviral treatment failure in the study population. newlineResults; Among 331 patients, majority of the study groups were males aged 19-49, Of the 331 patients on ART, 27 (8.2%) experienced treatment failure. Of these patients, 13 (3.9%), 6 (1.8%) and 8 (2.4%) experienced virological, immunological and clinical failure, respectively. Past TB treatment correlated with higher treatment failure (COR: 0.074). Higher viral loads at ART newlineinitiation increased failure likelihood, with the highest risk for those exceeding 1000 c/ml (COR: 8.065). Not keeping HIV medications in the original container was significantly linked to treatment failure (COR: 41.4). The study emphasizes the importance of considering these factors newlinein HIV patient care. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study sheds light on the socio-demographic characteristics and newlinetreatment practices of individuals living with HIV in