Electrochemical and Optical Sensors for the Individual and Simultaneous Determination of Some Molecular Biomarkers

Abstract

Sensors are an integral part of our daily life. Based on the associated newlinephenomena, they are broadly classified into physical and chemical sensors. newlineA chemical sensor is an analytical device which converts chemical newlineinformation into an analytical signal. It is comprised of a recognition newlineelement and a transducer. The recognition element chemically interacts with newlinethe analyte in a selective manner and the transducer effectively converts the newlinechange accompanying that into an analytical signal. Based on the type of the newlinetransducer, chemical sensors are classified as electrochemical, optical, heat newlinesensitive and mass sensitive sensors. newlineHealth is a major concern all around the world. The takeover of newlinelifestyle diseases and cancer like malignant in human lives is a huge newlinechallenge for the clinical field. Molecules which are present in the body newlinefluids or tissues whose concentration alters as part of a disease or a health newlinecondition are called as biomarkers. Molecular biomarkers can be used in newlinerisk prediction, screening, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. These newlinebiomarkers have been determined clinically via the analysis of biological newlinefluids and tissues with the aid of various analytical techniques. Hence, newlineinnovation of efficient chemical sensors for molecular biomarkers is very newlinenecessary to find solution to the health problems that we confront. In this newlinescenario we focussed our study on the development of chemical sensors for newlinesome important molecular biomarkers with the aid of electrochemical and newlineoptical techniques. newline