Phytochemical Pharmacological Screening and Structural Elucidation of Herbal Constituents for Antilithiotic Activity

Abstract

Medicinal plants remain an important alternative source of new drugs. In the newlineindigenous system of medicine, a number of plants have been claimed to be efficient to newlinecure and correct urinary stone. These plants and their products are also reported to be newlineeffective in the treatment as well as prevention of recurrence of renal caliculi with newlineminimal or no side effects. Many chemical compounds that are endogenously newlinesynthesized by plants are supplied with medicinal plants. newlineVarious factors such as size of calculi, severity of symptoms, and degree of newlineobstruction, kidney function, location of the stones and the presence or absence of newlineassociated infection influence the choice of one type of intervention over the other. newlineStones which are smaller than 5 mm have a high probability of spontaneous passage newlinewhich can take up to 40 days. During this medication duration patient treated with newlinehydration therapy and pain medicines. It the stones size more than 5 mm the surgical newlineprocedure applied for withdrawal of stones from the kidney. newlineKidney stones affect up to 5% of the improved standards of living and are newlinestrongly associated with race or ethnicity and region of residence. A seasonal variation newlineis also seen, with high urinary calcium oxalate saturation in men during summer and in newlinewomen during early winter. Stones form twice as often in men as women. The peak age newlinein men is 30 years; women have a bimodal age distribution, with peaks at 35 and 55 newlineyears. Once a kidney stone forms, the probability that a second stone will form within newlinefive to seven years is approximately 50%. newlineThe phyto-chemical results of Hibiscus rosa sinensis in hydroalcoholic solvent newlineshow the presence of Glycosides, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Triterpenoids and steroids, newlineTannins and Phenol. Ethanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa sinensis show the presence of newlineProtein and amino-acids, Glycosides, Alkaloids, Saponins and Flavonoids, newlineTriterpenoids and Steroids, Tannins. and Phenols. newlineThe phytochemical results of Mentha piperita in hydroalcoholic solvent show newlinethe presence of Glycosides,