Implication of the Serum Adiponectin and TNF Alpha and Other Biochemical Markers in Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease NAFLD and Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing health problems. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is emerging as the most common liver disease in Asian countries as well as in western countries.1,2 Even in Asia metabolic syndrome and NAFLD now become an epidemic because developing countries population is now being adopting western lifestyle.3,4 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is attributed to hepatic steatosis when no other causes for hepatic fat accumulation (eg, heavy alcohol consumption) are present. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes liver damage ranging from mild hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with cirrhosis. It is very common in such conditions as obesity, Type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, etc. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide, with a prevalence of 20% in western countries and 30% in the general population5 . Until recently, NAFLD was believed to be a disease of the industrialized world, primarily related to a sedentary lifestyle. However, a growing body of literature has highlighted NAFLD as a global epidemic. The average prevalence in Europe is 20 30% and in China appears to be 5 24%.6 In India, the prevalence is estimated to be between 16 32%.6 This is believed to be due to the increasing industrialization of these nations, along with changes in lifestyle and diet. NAFLD is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. NAFLD and MS are both associated with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD)7 . NAFLD was thought to be associated with CAD, which is one of the leading causes of death for NAFLD patients worldwide. Furthermore, recent studies have also suggested that NASH/NAFLD can also affect non-obese Asians8 . This is known as the and#8215;Asian 2 Paradox as a disease associated with high BMI in the Western world may not predict accurately the risk of developing NAFLD in the newlineAsian world9 . NAFLD is currently recogn