Maximizing the lifetime of wireless sensor network by optimization techniques

Abstract

For a very long time, engineers and technologists have been striving to develop and use devices that would capture and transmit data to the desired destinations. Till about 19th century, this process was carried out by employing cables. From the 20th century, wireless technologies were adopted by the engineers and technocrats for capturing and transmitting data. Oflate, wireless sensor networks have been largely employed for this purpose. Wireless sensor networks are incorporated with sensors, base station and user interface. Most of these components are connected through wireless system. Sensors capture data and send them to sensor nodes. Sensor nodes are located around base station. The base station transmits the data to the user interfaces like mobile phones, laptops and personal computers. Employment of wireless sensor networks facilitates to garner several benefits. Particularly, the cost of laying and maintaining cables is avoided by employing wireless sensor networks. Further, the sensors employed in these networks enable the capturing of data from remote locations. Yet the usage of wireless sensor networks leads to a disadvantage. This disadvantage is that, the lifetime of wireless sensor networks is reduced due to the long distance of the data transmission. Further some of the nodes located nearer to the base station are subjected to high data usage. These nodes which are subjected to high data transmission are known as selfish nodes. Because of the high data transmission, these selfish nodes become unfunctional within a short period of time. newline