A new energy efficient opportunistic routing protocol using heuristic approach for wireless sensor network applications

Abstract

The rise in demand for sensor networks may be attributed to the newlineprogression of new micro-technologies and the need to fulfil the demands in newlineWireless Communication Systems. This is because sensors can function even newlinewhen there is no one around to monitor them or when they are placed in newlinedangerous situations. Researchers can now construct tiny sensor nodes that newlinemay be deployed to gather data in the field because of breakthroughs in newlinenanotechnology as well as developments in microsystems. Nodes with sensor newlinecapabilities can collect data from the region of interest and transmit that data newlineto nodes with significant processing capacity. The information that sensor newlinenodes have gathered about their surroundings, whether it chemical or physical newlinein nature, may be sent to other nodes. The data collection and transmission newlineprocesses are not simple since it will be challenging to access some places of newlineinterest, such as thick forests, deep ocean depths, or the inside of the globe. newlineMonitoring of these kinds of settings is possible only with the help of wireless newlinesensor networks, which are made up of sensor nodes (WSN); the data must newlinereach a processing node that is part of the infrastructure. Using routing newlinetechniques, the sensor nodes adhere to a standard communication pattern. newlineSince sensor nodes have limited resources, routing is the most important newlinenetwork activity. Since sensor nodes have limited resources with which to newlinecarry out all the network activities, routing is the phase of network operations newlinethat is the most critical. Traditional routing protocols cannot deal with the newlinefailures and malicious actions that might occur in contexts where applications newlineare unreliable. As a result, different approaches need to be conceived and newlineinvestigated to accomplish performance objectives. newline