Study On Genetic Parameters In Relation To Grain Yield And Quality Characters In Bread Wheat

Abstract

The present investigation entitled study on genetic parameters in relation to grain yield and quality characters in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was conducted at Crop Research Farm, Nawabhanj of C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur, U.P., India, during Rabi 2019-20. A ten parental diallel cross analysis comprised of 45 F1s and 45 F2s along with parents was grown in three replications. The observations were recorded on 12 characters namely, days to 75% heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of productive tillers, spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield per plant (g), biological yield (g), harvest index (%), and protein content (%). Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the treatments for all 12 characters. Genetic components and combining ability analysis showed presence of additive and non-additive gene action for all the traits but later was predominant. Degree of dominance reflected presence of over dominance for all the traits in both the generations. newlineOn the basis of per se performance and gca effects, parents, K0307 (days to maturity, productive tillers, grain per spike, harvest index, protein content and grain yield per plants), HD 3086 (plant height, days to maturity,1000-grain weight, harvest index and grain yield), DBW 88 (days to maturity, spike length, spikelets per spike, biological yield per plant and protein content), HD 2967 (grain per spike, grain yield per plant and harvest index) were found good general combiner. On the basis of sca effect cross combination HD2967 x K1314 was observed good specific combiner for grain yield per plant. The cross combinations, namely, HD3086 X HD-2733, HD3086 X K0307, HD3086 X HD-2967, HD3086 X K1601 and HD2967 X K0402 was exhibited positive and high heterosis over better parent for grain yield. In the case of economic heterosis over check (HD2967), the cross combination viz. HD3086 X K0307, HD3086 X HD2967