Growth and Characterization of Urea Derivative Single Crystals for Nonlinear Optical Device Applications

Abstract

Organic materials are very much advantageous compared to semi-organic and inorganic newlinematerials to fulfil the social needs. Urea is generally known as carbamide which newlinehas two amino (NH2) groups combined with the carbonyl (Cand#1048576;and#1048576; newlineO) group. Urea is one newlineof the good organic NLO crystals, but it has a low thermal property with hygroscopic newlinenature. Urea derivative crystals which are a good alternative for this issue, show more newlinesuitability for thermal and optical properties than urea crystals. These urea derivatives newlinehelp enhance thermal, mechanical, and optical nonlinearity. Of such species, a series newlineof urea based organic single crystal-like urea p-nitrophenol crystal, abbreviated as UPN newlinecrystal, N-methylurea succinic acid single crystal, abbreviated as NMUSA, urea salicylic newlineacid single crystal, abbreviated as USA and finally urea barbituric acid crystal, newlineabbreviated as UBA were synthesized by a slow evaporation solution growth technique. newlineThe as-grown urea derivative crystal was subjected to single-crystal XRD to confirm newlinethe formation of crystals with crystalline nature. Also, to determine their suitability for newlinedevice fabrication application, the materials were studied for spectroscopic, thermal, newlinemechanical, dielectric, linear and nonlinear optical properties. Third order nonlinear optical newlineparameters such as nonlinear refractive index (n2), absorption coefficient (_) and newlineand nonlinear optical susceptibility (_(3)) of urea derivative crystals (UPN, NMUSA newlineand UBA) were studied for the first time, though nonlinearity in USA crystal has been newlinereported already. The optical limiting property of the as-grown urea derivative crystals newline(UPN, NMUSA, USA and UBA) was successfully investigated by pulsed (ns-100 mJ) newlineand continuous wave (CW-100mW) green laser (532 nm) excitations. The optical limiting newlineresults confirm that the urea derivative crystals can be used for various nonlinear newlineoptical applications. newline