Treatment of effluent of distillery industry using natural adsorbents

Abstract

Treatment of effluent of distillery industry using natural adsorbents newlineSubhi Rizvi newlineEnrolment no. Ph.D./15/CHT/2069 newlineResearch Summary newline newlineThe globalization and heavy industrialization has led to the rapid rise in the distillery industry for producing ethanol as the portable alcohol, industrial chemical and biofuel. Followed by the Paper and pulp industry, distillery industry is amidst the continuous source of surface water pollution owing to its very high content of recalcitrant organics, sulfates, chlorides, persistent turbidity, phosphates and nitrogen. The current chapter examines the different sources, structural and biological properties, formation mechanism, anti-oxidative activities and toxicity imposed by the generated wastewater on various humans and the environment. It further bridges the gap in the information between the conventional treatment process and current and advanced processes. Also, the utilization of the distillery generated wastewater for resource recovery are nowadays into practice at the lab scale level, has also been covered. newlineIn this study, the melanoidin removal from a simulated contaminated wastewater system was examined via Fe-impregnated activated carbon. Initially, three different leaf-waste biomass (Ficus benghalensis, Ficus religiosa and Mangifera indica) were utilized for preparing the activated carbon followed by impregnation of iron in different ratios. Further, these prepared activated carbons were characterized via SEM equipped with EDX, XRD, FTIR, and BET surface area etc. A Box-Behnken design of experiments was employed for evaluating the effect of various parameters onto the melanoidin removal. During the adsorption process, effect of adsorbent dose, initial melanoidin concentration and temperature played the key role. With the adsorbent dose (62.5 mg/L), initial melanoidin concentration (550 mg/L), temperature (40and#8451;) and contact time (75 min) and Fe-adsorbent ratio (30%), maximum melanoidin removal was achieved by the prepared adsorbent. The maximum removal of 85.6% was obtained via the prepared activated carbon from waste leaf biomass of M. indica depicting its potential for the melanoidin removal from wastewater. newlineFurther, the investigation examined the melanoidin elimination from a model wastewater system utilizing Cu-impregnated activated carbon derived from waste leaves of Mangifera indica. With the initial surface characterization utilizing SEM equipped with EDX, and FTIR, the Box-Behnken design of experiments was engaged for determining the influence of different factors for the melanoidin removal from the aqueous system. Adsorbent dose, initial melanoidin concentration and contact time have imposed the maximum effect on to the melanoidin removal (73%) using the synthesized activated carbon, clearly showing its ability for the melanoidin removal from the aqueous contaminated system. newlineKeywords: Activated carbon; Melanoidin removal; Response surface methodology; FTIR newline