Study on Mosquitocidal and Larvicidal Activity of Certain Bioactive Compounds of Plant Origin

Abstract

Mosquito problem in India is became a very big problem and is being controlled by chemical insecticides which cause several adverse chronic effects on target and non-target organisms. Temephos and Pyrethrum are well known chemical insecticides which are being mostly used by the people s in stagnant un-used water and indoor, outdoor fogging for mosquito control. Therefore, natural products isolated from plants have attracted researchers in recent years to develop biopesticides, as potential sources for mosquito control and as environmentally safe products for target organisms (mosquitoes) as well as non-target organisms (Men). Very common traditional example of bio-pesticide is a use of shade dried leaves of Neem. On the basis of abovementioned hypothetical background in the present study, it was proposed to develop a new mode of insecticide with biodegradable, less toxic and eco-friendly way of mosquito and larvae management. Findings of the present study can be summarized as under: Two plants Hyptis suaveolens (L.)Poit, Common name - Vilayati Tulsi, Family Lamiaceae and Blumea eriantha (DC), Common name- Kakrondha or Jungli Mooli, Family Asteraceae were selected for preparing biopesticides of plant origin which were identified and authenticated from BSI Allahabad. Whole plant materials of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) and Blumea eriantha (DC) after shade drying pulverized to get powder and 70-77% loss in weight were reported, respectively. Then, Soxhletion was performed for isolation of extracts using various solvents and percentage yield of extracts were measured of both plants viz. Hyptis suaveolens (L.) extract 19.74% in distilled water, Blumea eriantha (DC)extract 14.75% in distilled water. In Thin Layer Chromatography of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) extract toluene: ethyl acetate (70:30) solvent system was used and 5 spots (Hs-1-5) with Rf Value (0.26, 0.52, 0.67, 0.74, 0.82) were obtained. In TLC of Blumea eriantha (DC) extract petroleum ether: toluene: ethyl acetate (50:30:20) solvent system was used and 3 spots (Be-1