comparison of maternal cardiac function in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Pregnancy is a physiological process. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a vision that women should be given a positive pregnancy experience. A new series of recommendations have been issued by WHO to improve quality of antenatal care. These new guidelines seek to ensure not only a healthy pregnancy for mother and baby, but also an effective transition to positive labor and childbirth and ultimately to a positive experience of motherhood (WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience, 2016). newline newline In India a lot of efforts have been made to make pregnancy a positive experience. Health indicators such as life expectancy has increased, infant mortality rate (IMR) and maternal mortality rate (MMR) have decreased. The reasons for this are increasing availability of healthcare services across the country. Many government programs such as Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram, Janani Suraksha Yojana, Reproductive, Maternal, New-borns, Child and Adolescent Health Services, Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) (2016) have been started to achieve this goal. PMSMA is based on the promise that if every pregnant woman in India is examined by a physician and appropriately investigated at least once during the PMSMA and appropriately followed up, it can result in reduction in the number of maternal and neonatal deaths. India has achieved significant progress in the reduction of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) over the last decade. As per the statistics derived from Sample Registration System (SRS), the country has witnessed a progressive reduction in MMR per one lakh live births from 130 in 2014-2016, 122 in 2015-17, 113 in 2016-18, and 103 in 2017-19 and to 97 in 2018-20. newline