Energy Efficient Framework to Find Optimized Route for EVs Movement

Abstract

There has been tremendous increase in the use of renewable resources in 21st century which is essential to save the environment from the hazardous impact of non-renewable resources. It is projected that India emits approximately three gigatonnes of greenhouse gases (GHGs) per year, accounting for around 7% of global emissions [1]. It is also pertinent to note that road vehicles are responsible for 76% of the total CO2 emitted by the transportation sector [2]. Therefore, the governments are taking new initiatives all over the world to reduce GHGs production and cut down their reliance on fossil fuels. The evolution of non-fossil fuel-based vehicles or alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) became a prominent choice for ensuring environment-friendly and long-term transportation sustainability. Thus, AFVs, especially electric vehicles (EVs), are now widely recognized as one of the most effective ways to alleviate GHG emissions, technological developments, and world-wide government incentives. Despite the profound significance of employing EVs, the factors such as limited range of these vehicles, underdeveloped charging infrastructure, and ease of charging services pose a barrier to the mass adoption of EVs. Indeed, the EVs charging times are substantially large due to CSs equipment and the composition of the batteries, resulting in increased wait times in CSs. Therefore, we need to have a system that can efficiently manage all the available resources of EV, transportation network, EV and CS. Another challenge lies in the fact that EVs are likely to meet a large number of transportation demands in the near future, complicating the decision-making process due to the coupling of routing and charging simultaneously, which makes it harder to solve such problems.