role of cytokines adipokines in epicardial fat and its relation with severity of coronary artery disease

Abstract

Abstract newlineInflammation is known to be the root cause of the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Subclinical inflammation is one of the key players in the pathophysiology of CAD. Macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue is responsible for the secretion of various proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines from adipose tissue. These are found to be associated with the development and progression of insulin resistance, Type 2 Diabetes, and CAD. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the circulatory levels of cytokines, and adipokines in CAD patients as well as controls with their concentrations in epicardial and subcutaneous fat of CAD patients and to determine their association with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, 58 CAD patients were enrolled and were further subdivided into three groups as per the severity of the disease (SVD, DVD, TVD) and four groups as per comorbidities. Statistically significant associations were observed as per the severity of the disease. It was observed that TNF-and#945;, IL-6, Apelin, and Resistin were found to be significantly elevated while ghrelin levels were decreased in CAD patients and their subgroups as compared to controls. The study concluded that resistin stands as the better marker of CAD by showing its increase as the disease progresses from mild to severe. On the other hand, ghrelin can be considered as a second marker to identify the progress of disease from its value which is inversely proportional to the severity of the disease. newline newline