A Study On The Production Of Ethanol As Alternative Source Of Energy Biofuel Fuel For Future Under The Agro Waste Management By Cellulose Of Paddy And Wheat Straw

Abstract

India is a highly dependent on fossil fuel mainly coal, oil and gasoline so as to fulfill its energy demands. But excessive exploitation of fossil fuels natural resource scarcity day by day enhancement in oil prices and emission of green house gases, these condition leads to the search for a renewable sustainable sources of energy, ethanol is a reliable, economical, and readily available resources of renewable energy which can be used as fuel for power generation rice and wheat straw as crop residue in the fields. Unsustainable use of rice and wheat straw and open burning of crop in the field produce threat to the environment by producing large amount of green house gas (CH4) emission and also make farmer s loose a very viable byproducts. Rice and wheat straw can be used in ethanol production and bring additional income and sustainable utilization. newlineIndia is showing great interest toward the use of ethanol for supplementing it s energy requirement conversion of rice straw and wheat straw in to ethanol not only overcome the nation s dependency foreign countries and save s a lot of money spent on importing crude oil but also solves global warming issue. newlineTherefore, it is necessary to find out an alternative energy source for our industrial economies and consumer societies by using renewable, sustainable, efficient and cost effective feed stocks with lesser emission of greenhouse gases, where bioethanol would be an attractive alternative option due to its ease of production and lack of toxicity. Biomass that contains free fermentable sugars or complex carbohydrates that can be broken down into soluble sugars to make them fermentable is used to produce bioethanol. These feedstocks can be split into three categories: starchy crops, lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), and sugars (including sugar crops and sugar refinery byproducts). newlineThe 3 main components of lignocellulosic material are typically cellulose (30 50%), hemicelluloses (15 35%), and lignin (10 20%). About 70% of the biomass is made up of cellulose and hemicellulos