Design Simulation and Investigation of High Data Transmission over Gamma Gamma Free Space Optical Channel under Various Atmospheric Losses

Abstract

Modern communication systems necessitate high-speed data transmission, which can be achieved using fiber optics infrastructures. Significant challenges in fiber optic communication are bending loss, cable installation, and implementation costs for last-mile connections. A wireless optical channel with a line-of-sight nature called a free-space optical (FSO) communication system is used to overcome the difficulty of implementing a fiber optical link. Major advantages of the FSO system are high bandwidth and data rate (up to 10 Gbps), unlicensed spectrum (above 300 GHz), and ease of deployment. FSO communication uses light waves for wireless data transmission but has limitations such as atmospheric turbulence causing signal degradation and fluctuations, limited range due to signal attenuation and obstacles, weather conditions causing attenuation and scattering, precise alignment needed between transmitter and receiver, and vulnerable to interception compromising data security newline