Determinants of rural non farm sector employment in Punjab and Haryana a household level analysis

Abstract

In the present thesis, following the bottom-up approach, we have made an attempt to understand the complexities of fermion masses and mixings as well as have explored the possibility of existence of a finite set of viable mass matrix structures which may turn out to be stepping stones for the formulation of more ambitious theories. In light of remarkable progress made in the context of measurements regarding low energy data for quarks as well as leptons, it becomes interesting to explore the possibility, wherein one could start with uniform structures for both the quark and lepton mass matrices. This becomes all the more interesting when one notices that over the years, small quark masses, mu, md, ms, have registered remarkable improvements. Similarly, in the case of leptons, the measurements have reached remarkable level in the case of mixing angles along with refinements in the masssquared differences as well as constraints on the sum of the masses of neutrinos. In the SM, without loss of generality, the Weak Basis transformations allow us to work in a particular basis called flavor basis, e.g., in the case of quarks, we can consider one of the mass matrices MUor MDas diagonal and the other one as general hermitian. In case neutrinos are assumed to be Dirac like, we can always assume the neutrino mass matrix to be hermitian, whereas, the charged lepton mass matrix can be considered to be diagonal. In the present thesis, calculations have been carried out for quark as well lepton mass matrices in the flavor basis, with an emphasis on the texture structure as well as the phase structure of the mass matrices. In conclusion, we can state that flavor basis provides an interesting point to have unified description quark and lepton mass matrices, also providing an interesting clue for model builders. newline