Anticancer and Antidiabetic activity of Terpenoids from indigenous plant Nigella sativa L Ranunculaceae

Abstract

This present study deals with Anticancer and Antidiabetic activity of Terpenoids isolated from Nigella sativa seeds. The study explores the in-vivo and in-vitro effects of Nigella sativa extracts, particularly the n-hexane extract and its isolated column fraction (MNfr-2), on cancer and diabetes-related parameters. In the in-vivo study, the DMBA-induced skin carcinogenesis model in Swiss albino mice was used to assess the chemo-preventive activity of Nigella sativa. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in tumor incidence, tumor yield, and tumor burden in the test groups treated with Nigella sativa extracts. Additionally, the levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and GSH, were increased, indicating a potential mechanism of action for the observed anti-cancer effects. In the in-vitro study, the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of the isolated column fraction (MNfr-2) were evaluated using skin squamous carcinoma (SSC) cell lines. The column fraction showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects on the SSC cell lines, suggesting its potential as a cancer therapeutic agent. Furthermore, the study assessed the antidiabetic activity of Nigella sativa using an alloxan-induced diabetic mice model. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in blood glucose levels in the groups treated with Nigella sativa extracts, indicating its potential as an antidiabetic agent. Moreover, histological studies revealed partial regeneration of beta cells, supporting its ability to enhance insulin secretion. The study overall highlights the promising therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa in cancer and diabetes management. The findings provide valuable insights into the pharmacological properties of this natural remedy and encourage further research in clinical settings. By understanding the underlying mechanisms and validating its safety and efficacy, Nigella sativa could offer novel and effective treatment options for cancer and diabetes, thus enhancing patient care and public health ou