Functional analysis of nutraceutical properties for different types of rice

Abstract

newline Traditional rice genotypes are endowed naturally with a wide range of newlinenutraceutical properties and thus constitutes to be a potential functional food for newlinenutritional security. The present investigation was undertaken with the objectives to newlinestudy the diversity of different rice genotypes for yield and yield attributes with varying newlinenutritional components especially iron and zinc. The differential expression of the genes newlinefor anthocyanin biosynthesis in relation to iron and zinc content in rice grain and newlinegenome wide association study to identify significant marker trait associations for yield newlineand grain quality in rice germplasm collection was also done in the present study. A newlinegroup of 204 rice genotypes comprising of traditional rice including ahu, Sali, bao, newlinearomatic and glutinous genotypes along with a few high yielding released varieties and newlinehigh zinc breeding lines developed in IRRI, Philippines were evaluated during Sali newline2019-20 in augmented block design and observations were taken for quantitative and newlinequalitative traits as per DUS guideline including important phytochemicals using newlinestandard procedure. Out of these, Disang and Dimrou, were recorded as earliest newlineflowering and maturing genotypes, whereas Gopinath and Horu Jahinga possess more newlinenumber of productive tiller per plant. Joha (Meghalaya) was recorded for high spikelet newlinefertility, whereas Horu Jahinga, Jengoni, and Kajoli chokuwa were recorded high seed newlineyield per plant. To authenticate the common perception of high nutritional value of newlinetraditional pigmented rice genotypes, phytochemical analysis were done for 30 newlinegenotypes which were selected based on high Fe, Zn content and aleurone colour. newlinePigmented rice genotypes; Tulashi bora, Ikhojoy, Aus joria and Jengoni were recorded newlinehigh phytochemical content along with higher Fe and Zn. Jengoni was also recorded newlinehigh grain yield per plant along with biological yield per plant. Hence, Jengoni along newlinewith Tulashi bora, Ikhojoy and Aus joria are identified as promising genotypes for newlinefuture nutritional breeding combining with good yield. A high significant correlation newlinewas also observed between total phenolics and antioxidant activity with total newlineanthocyanin activity. For expression analysis, 5 genotypes were selected including one newlinecheck i.e. Bahadur, on the basis of high Fe and Zn content and aleurone colour. Seven newlinegene specific primers were designed to study the expression profile in selected newlinegenotypes by double delta CT method. The results indicated that there is no direct newlinerelationship between anthocyanin and micronutrient content and thus warrants newlinepossibility of involvement of different genes other than the tested ones. Genotyping by newline6 newlinesequencing using SNP marker was done for the present set of 204 diverse rice newlinegermplasm by outsourcing and marker and trait associations for yield and grain quality newlinein rice germplasm collection for 20 traits was investigated. Out of the 20 traits and newline75,309 SNPs analyzed, 30 SNPs showed significant associations with plant height, stem newlinelength, spikelet fertility and 1000-grain weight and Zn content. Among the 30 SNPs newlineonly 18 SNPs were encoded and co-located with major candidate genes. Moreover, for newlinespikelet fertility and 1000-grain weight, four novel QTLs were detected, which were newlinemapped on chromosome 5 and 7 at 12336034bp and 9597295bp position, respectively newlinefor spikelet fertility and on chromosome 7 and 12 at position 13808132bp and newline6012015bp for 1000-grain weight. Further characterization and validation of the novel newlineQTLs may lead to the identification of new candidate genes for these traits.