Virtual inertia emulation to improve operation and control in low inertia power systems

Abstract

Rapidly increasing global power demand with continuous technological and economic developments, depleting conventional fossil fuels and rising environmental concerns have led to the need of eco-friendlier renewable energy sources (RESs).Considering RESs are intermittent, incorporating them into traditional and restructured power systems is difficult because they do not offer system inertia, resulting in increased frequency instability. The most promising answer to this problem is to virtually simulate inertia. This thesis proposesoptimized virtual inertia (VI) emulation using different fast responding devices such as ultracapacitor, self-regulated solar PVand consumer participation in the form of electric vehicles and demand response for frequency regulation in two-area multi-source low inertia power systems. The parameters of the system have been controlled by using newly formulated black widow optimization (BWO) and their performance has been compared for VI emulation efficacy with other algorithms under different contract obligations. The impact of the coordinated action of BWO-based proportional-integral (PI) controller for VI emulation has been validated on the area frequency, tie-line power, and generated power of different generation units. The eigenvalue approach has been applied to verify the performance and effect of VI emulation control on system stability. The proposed VI emulation control studies have been evaluated under nonlinear environment of traditional and deregulated power system. The comparative studies show that BWO optimized based VI emulation provides superior dynamic responsiveness in all competitive electricity market scenarios tested under different operating conditions. newline