Investigation of lead free 1 X Na0 5 TiO3 X BaTiO3 Ceramic Materials and single crystals for piezoelectric applications

Abstract

In the present work, we have chosen lead free ABO3 perovskite newlinematerial of (0.94)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-(0.06) to investigate the dielectric property, newlinepiezoelectric property, and ferroelectric property for improving the electrical newlineproperties for piezoelectric device application by incorporating Mn2+ and newlineNb5+. Various (Ceramic, self-flux, top-seeded solution growth) material newlinepreparation techniques have been employed. newlineChapter 1 provides the historical evolution of the field of newlinepiezoelectrics, covering basic knowledge of the piezoelectric effects, newlinedominant factors affecting the piezoelectric effect, a brief summarization of newlinethe development of lead-free piezoelectrics, the preparation techniques of newlinelead-free piezoelectrics and the characterization methods of their electrical newlineproperties and microstructure, the developments of important lead-free newlinepiezoelectric materials, such as barium titanate, bismuth sodium titanate, newlinetraditional poling methods and covers why to choose lead free piezoelectric. newlineIn addition to that Alkali Niobate-based piezoelectric materials, newlineBi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based piezoelectric materials, recent development of lead free newlinepiezoelectrics and challenge as well as prospects are also covered. newlineChapter 2 discusses the materials, preparation methods and newlinecharacterization used for ceramic, Top seeded solution growth and self-flux newlinemethod. The high purity starting materials i.e., powders of Bi2O3 (Sigma newlineAldrich; gt 99.9%), Na2CO3(Alfa Aesar; gt 99.95%), Ba2CO3 (Alfa Aesar; newlinegt 99.99%), TiO2 (Alfa Aesar; gt 99.5%), Mn2O3 (Alfa Aesar; gt 99.99%) and newlineNb2O5 (Alfa Aesar; gt 99.999%) are used as procured without further newlinepurification. The stoichiometry composition (0.94)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-(0.06) newlineBaTiO3 was weighted and synthesized. newline