Fabrication and characterization of nanofiller reinforced dissimilar aisi 1010 steel cda 101 copper friction stir welded joints

Abstract

The impact of introducing nanofillers such as SiO2, graphene newlinenanoplatelets (GNPs), and biochar to a weld pool of different AISI-SAE 1010 newlinesteel and CDA 101 copper was investigated in this work. The primary newlineobjective of this research was to determine the effect of introducing newlinecarbon-rich secondary reinforcement (biochar) as a possible reinforcement for newlinethe Friction Stir Weld (FSW) pool of dissimilar metals and the identification newlineof optimized process variables. The weld was performed using a modified newlinevertical friction stir welding machine equipped with a constant axial load of newline5 kN, a traverse speed of 30 mm/min, a rotating speed of 900 rpm, a dwell newlineperiod of 5 seconds, and a plunging depth of 0.2 mm. To further understand newlinethe weld quality and fusion behaviour, the prepared welds were submitted to newlineX-ray NDT and XRD investigation. Similarly, American Society for Testing newlineand Standards (ASTM) were used to determine mechanical qualities such as newlinetensile strength, yield strength, percent of elongation, hardness, wear, and newlinefatigue strength. The microstructural analysis was performed according to the newlineprescribed protocol with appropriate pretreatment. Finally, the friction stir newlinewelding process was improved using the Taguchi-Grey Relational Technique newlineto determine the process variable that had the greatest influence. The X-ray newlineNDT and XRD pictures demonstrate the fine mixing of both parent metals in newlinethe weld nugget and interface zone, according to the findings. Proper fusion is newlineseen in the X-ray film NDT pictures without any interface defects. Tensile newlinestrength of FSW beads is purely determined by process factors such as tool newlinerotation speed, weaving rate, and reinforcing effect. Tensile strength, yield newlinestrength, and percentage of elongation were all highest in graphene newline